Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis is a condition that occurs when the spinal canal narrows, putting pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots. This can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the legs, buttocks, and lower back. The condition is most common in older adults and can be caused by age-related wear and tear on the spine, as well as conditions such as arthritis, herniated discs, and spinal injuries.

Symptoms of spinal stenosis may include:

• Pain or cramping in the legs, particularly when standing or walking
• Numbness or tingling in the legs, buttocks, or feet
• Weakness in the legs, particularly when walking or standing
• Difficulty with balance or coordination
• Back pain or neck pain

Spinal stenosis is typically diagnosed through a combination of a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans. Treatment options may include medication, physical therapy, or surgery.

Medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation and pain. Physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles in the back and legs and improve flexibility, which can reduce pain and improve mobility. Surgery may be necessary in more severe cases or if conservative treatments do not provide relief. Surgical options may include laminectomy, in which a portion of the vertebrae is removed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord, or spinal fusion, in which two or more vertebrae are fused together to stabilize the spine.

Prevention measures for spinal stenosis include maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, and practicing good posture. It is also important to manage any underlying conditions such as arthritis or herniated discs that may contribute to spinal stenosis.