Seasonal Affective Disorder

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that occurs during specific seasons, usually in the fall and winter. It is also known as winter depression, as its symptoms are more prevalent during the darker, colder months of the year.

SAD is believed to be related to changes in the body’s circadian rhythms, which regulate sleep, mood, and other bodily functions. During the winter months, there is less sunlight, which can disrupt these rhythms and lead to depressive symptoms.

Symptoms of SAD can include:

• Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and anxiety
• Changes in appetite and weight
• Difficulty sleeping or oversleeping
• Loss of energy and motivation
• Difficulty concentrating
• Social withdrawal and decreased interest in activities

Diagnosing SAD typically involves a physical exam, a review of symptoms, and possibly blood tests to rule out other conditions. Doctors may also use the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire, which asks questions about changes in mood and behavior over the course of a year, to help make a diagnosis.

Treatment for SAD can include light therapy, which involves exposure to bright light for a certain amount of time each day, usually in the morning. Antidepressant medications and talk therapy may also be helpful in managing symptoms. It’s important to talk to a healthcare professional if you suspect you may have SAD or any other type of mood disorder.