Commonly Used Drugs to Lower Blood Pressure

Lowering high blood pressure is an essential component of reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke. Here are some commonly used medications for high blood pressure:

1. Diuretics: Diuretics are used to lower blood pressure by removing excess water and salt from the body, which decreases the amount of fluid in the blood vessels. Common diuretics include hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide.
2. ACE inhibitors: ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors work by relaxing blood vessels to lower blood pressure. These drugs block the production of a hormone that narrows blood vessels, which helps lower blood pressure. Common ACE inhibitors include lisinopril and enalapril.
3. Calcium channel blockers: Calcium channel blockers work by blocking calcium from entering the muscles of the heart and blood vessels, which relaxes them and lowers blood pressure. Common calcium channel blockers include amlodipine and nifedipine.
4. Beta-blockers: Beta-blockers slow the heart rate and decrease the force of the heart’s contractions, which lowers blood pressure. Common beta-blockers include metoprolol and atenolol.
5. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs): ARBs work by blocking the effects of angiotensin II, a hormone that narrows blood vessels. This helps lower blood pressure. Common ARBs include losartan and valsartan.

It is essential to work with a healthcare provider to determine the most effective medication and dose for each individual. It is also important to note that medication is often only one part of an overall plan to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. Other lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy diet and regular physical activity, may also be recommended.