Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Diverticulosis and diverticulitis are conditions related to the colon or large intestine. In diverticulosis, small pouches or pockets called diverticula form in the lining of the colon. Diverticulitis occurs when these diverticula become inflamed or infected.

Causes: The exact cause of diverticulosis and diverticulitis is not known. However, it is believed that a low-fiber diet, obesity, and lack of physical activity may contribute to the development of these conditions.

Symptoms: Most people with diverticulosis do not experience any symptoms. However, when diverticula become inflamed or infected, it can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and changes in bowel habits.

Diagnosis: Diverticulosis is often diagnosed during routine colonoscopies or imaging tests for other conditions. Diverticulitis is usually diagnosed based on symptoms, physical exam, and imaging tests such as a CT scan or ultrasound.

Treatment: Treatment for diverticulosis typically involves increasing fiber intake and drinking plenty of fluids to prevent constipation. Treatment for diverticulitis may include antibiotics to treat infection, pain medication, and a clear liquid diet. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the affected part of the colon.

Prevention: Eating a high-fiber diet and staying hydrated can help prevent diverticulosis and diverticulitis. Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight can also reduce the risk of developing these conditions.